Difference between revisions of "Os03g0135700"

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Please input one-sentence summary here.
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The rice '''''Os03g0135700''''' was reported as '''''RAI1''''' in 2012 by researchers from Japan.  
  
 
==Annotated Information==
 
==Annotated Information==
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===Gene Symbol===
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*'''''Os03g0135700''''' '''''<=>''''' ''''' OsbHLH003, RAI1'''''
 
===Function===
 
===Function===
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The Rac/Rop GTPase OsRac1 plays an essential role in rice immunity.the gene RAP1 encodes a putative basic helix–loop–helix transcription factor and thhis factor acts as the first factor downstream of the OsRac1,it can induce the expression of the PAL1 and OsWRKY19 by the mechanism of interacting with the OsMKK4–OsMAPK3/6 cascade,which result in the enhancement of the immunity to the rice blast fungus.<ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" /><ref name="ref3" />
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* The Rac/Rop GTPase OsRac1 plays an essential role in rice immunity.
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* RAI1 encodes a putative basic helix–loop–helix transcription factor.
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* RAI1 is involved in defense responses in rice. RAI1 interacted with OsMAPK3 and OsMAPK6 proteins in vivo and in vitro. Also, RAI1 was phosphorylated by OsMAPK3/6 and OsMKK4-dd in vitro.
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* RAI1 is the first transcription factor acting downstream of OsRac1.<ref name="ref1" /><ref name="ref2" /><ref name="ref3" />
  
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===Expression ===
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===Phenotypic analysis===
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* Overexpression of OsMAPK6 and/or OsMAPK3 together with OsMKK4-dd increased PAL1 and OsWRKY19 expression in rice protoplasts.  
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We used fluorescent proteins to examine the subcellular localization of RAI1 in rice protoplasts isolated from cultured cells. The protoplasts were transfected with either a fluorescent RAI1–green fluorescent protein (GFP) construct or the control fluorescent protein GFP, and then examined under a confocal microscope. RAI1–GFP accumulated mainly in the nucleus but slightly in the cytoplasm, whereas GFP was distributed throughout the cytoplasm and nucleus.this implies that this gene may be a translation factor .when the rice was treated with the sphingolipid and chitin elicitors,we can observe the elevation of this gene's expression level ,and the response is more instant than the  PAL1 and OsWRKY19 ,with the addition of other expeiments,we can conclude that this gene act as the first factor downstream of theOsRac1 and induce the expression of the PAL1 and OsWRKY19,two essential genes in the plant immunity.
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* Therefore, the regulation of PAL1 and OsWRKY19 expression by RAI1 could be controlled via an OsMKK4–OsMAPK3/6 cascade.
  
 
===Evolution===
 
===Evolution===
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The RAI1 protein has a bHLH domain that is conserved in homologous rice proteins . The basic domain at the N-terminus of bHLH is known to be important for binding to DNA elements such as the cis-elements in the promoters of target genes . The HLH domain includes two amphipathic a-helices with a linking loop. These a-helices may function in the formation of homodimers or heterodimers with other bHLH proteins .
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* The RAI1 protein has a bHLH domain that is conserved in homologous rice proteins.  
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* The basic domain at the N-terminus of bHLH is known to be important for binding to DNA elements such as the cis-elements in the promoters of target genes.  
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* The HLH domain includes two amphipathic a-helices with a linking loop.  
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* These a-helices may function in the formation of homodimers or heterodimers with other bHLH proteins .
  
 
==Labs working on this gene==
 
==Labs working on this gene==
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==References==
 
==References==
 
<references>
 
<references>
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<ref name="ref1"> Andreasson, E., Jenkins, T., Brodersen, P., Thorgrimsen, S.Petersen, N.H., Zhu, S. et al. (2005) The MAP kinase substrate MKS1 is a regulator of plant defense responses. EMBO J. 24:2579–2589.</ref>  
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<ref name="ref1"> Kim SH, Oikawa T, Kyozuka J, Wong HL, Umemura K, Kishi-Kaboshi M, Takahashi A, Kawano Y, Kawasaki T, Shimamoto K. The bHLH Rac Immunity1 (RAI1) Is Activated by  OsRac1 via OsMAPK3 and OsMAPK6 in Rice Immunity. Plant Cell Physiol. 2012 Apr;53(4):740-54. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcs033. Epub 2012 Mar 21. PubMed PMID: 22437844. </ref>  
 
<ref name="ref2">Atchley, W.R., Terhalle, W. and Dress, A. (1999) Positional dependence,cliques, and predictive motifs in the bHLH protein domain. J. Mol.
 
<ref name="ref2">Atchley, W.R., Terhalle, W. and Dress, A. (1999) Positional dependence,cliques, and predictive motifs in the bHLH protein domain. J. Mol.
 
Evol. 48: 501–516.</ref>
 
Evol. 48: 501–516.</ref>

Revision as of 03:31, 7 May 2017

The rice Os03g0135700 was reported as RAI1 in 2012 by researchers from Japan.

Annotated Information

Gene Symbol

  • Os03g0135700 <=> OsbHLH003, RAI1

Function

  • The Rac/Rop GTPase OsRac1 plays an essential role in rice immunity.
  • RAI1 encodes a putative basic helix–loop–helix transcription factor.
  • RAI1 is involved in defense responses in rice. RAI1 interacted with OsMAPK3 and OsMAPK6 proteins in vivo and in vitro. Also, RAI1 was phosphorylated by OsMAPK3/6 and OsMKK4-dd in vitro.
  • RAI1 is the first transcription factor acting downstream of OsRac1.[1][2][3]

Phenotypic analysis

  • Overexpression of OsMAPK6 and/or OsMAPK3 together with OsMKK4-dd increased PAL1 and OsWRKY19 expression in rice protoplasts.
  • Therefore, the regulation of PAL1 and OsWRKY19 expression by RAI1 could be controlled via an OsMKK4–OsMAPK3/6 cascade.

Evolution

  • The RAI1 protein has a bHLH domain that is conserved in homologous rice proteins.
  • The basic domain at the N-terminus of bHLH is known to be important for binding to DNA elements such as the cis-elements in the promoters of target genes.
  • The HLH domain includes two amphipathic a-helices with a linking loop.
  • These a-helices may function in the formation of homodimers or heterodimers with other bHLH proteins .

Labs working on this gene

  • Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, 630-0192 Japan
  • Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0032 Japan
  • Agricultural and Veterinary Laboratories, Meiji Seika Kaisha, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 222-8567 Japan
  • Division of Plant Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602 Japan

References

  1. ↑ Kim SH, Oikawa T, Kyozuka J, Wong HL, Umemura K, Kishi-Kaboshi M, Takahashi A, Kawano Y, Kawasaki T, Shimamoto K. The bHLH Rac Immunity1 (RAI1) Is Activated by OsRac1 via OsMAPK3 and OsMAPK6 in Rice Immunity. Plant Cell Physiol. 2012 Apr;53(4):740-54. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcs033. Epub 2012 Mar 21. PubMed PMID: 22437844.
  2. ↑ Atchley, W.R., Terhalle, W. and Dress, A. (1999) Positional dependence,cliques, and predictive motifs in the bHLH protein domain. J. Mol. Evol. 48: 501–516.
  3. ↑ Berken, A. (2006) ROPs in the spotlight of plant signal transduction.Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 63: 2446–2459

Structured Information

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