Os11g0173500

The rice Os11g0173500 was reported as Hwi1 in 2014 ^[1] by researchers from China.

Annotated Information

Figure 1. Phenotypic and molecular characterization of rice hybrid weakness.^[1].

Hwi1 and Hwi2 are likely to determine the high temperature-dependent expression of hybrid weakness in interspecific hybrids of rice.
Hwi1 comprises two leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase (LRR–RLK) genes, 25L1 and 25L2, which are specific to wild rice (Oryza rufipogon) and induce hybrid weakness.
Functional analysis indicated that pyramiding of Hwi1 and Hwi2 activates the autoimmune response in the basal nodes of hybrids, interrupting root formation and then impairing shoot growth.

The researchers discovered a novel type of interspecific hybrid weakness syndrome in rice through analysis of a chromosome segment substitution line (CSSL) library derived from a cross between the indica variety Teqing (Oryza sativa) and a common wild rice (Oryza rufipogon) strain obtained from Hainan province, China.
This weakness syndrome, which is manifested by short stature and impaired root formation (Fig. 1a,b), is induced by the introgression of the dominant gene Hwi1 from wild rice into the Teqing background.
Along with the expression of weakness, researchers noticed that some necrotic lesions arise from basal nodes and lower parts of leaf sheaths in NIL(Hwi1), a nearly isogenic line (NIL) that carries the Hwi1 gene in the Teqing background (Fig. 1b).
Examination of cross sections of these plants revealed that the necrotic lesions are possibly caused by regional browning and shrunken parenchymal cells in basal nodes and leaf sheath (Fig. 1c).
The necrotic leaf sheaths contain less chlorophyll and accumulate more lignin. Additionally, numerous unidentified, dark compounds were observed in the vacuoles of abnormal cells. These results suggest that cell death may be activated in NIL(Hwi1).
A TUNEL assay further confirmed that the programmed cell death (PCD) status is highly increased in NIL(Hwi1) basal nodes compared with those of NIL(hwi1) (Fig. 1d).
In general, these symptoms are similar to the characteristics of pathogen-infected plants.

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National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, National Center for Plant Gene Research (Shanghai), Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
National Center for Gene Research, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China.

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Chen C, Chen H, Lin YS, Shen JB, Shan JX, Qi P, Shi M, Zhu MZ, Huang XH, Feng Q, Han B, Jiang L, Gao JP, Lin HX. A two-locus interaction causes interspecific hybrid weakness in rice. Nat Commun. 2014;5:3357. doi: 10.1038/ncomms4357. PubMed PMID: 24556665; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3948059.