Os05g0389000

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The rice Os05g0389000 was reported as SMOS1 in 2014 [1] by researchers from Japan.

Annotated Information

Figure 1. Phenotypes of wild-type (left) and the smos1-1 mutant (right).[1].

Function

  • SMOS1 encodes an unusual APETALA2 (AP2)-type transcription factor with an imperfect AP2 domain, and its product belongs to the basal AINTEGUMENTA (ANT) lineage, including WRINKLED1 (WRI1) and ADAP.
  • SMOS1 acts as an auxin-dependent regulator for cell expansion during organ size control, and that its function is conserved among land plants.

Phenotypic analysis

  • smos1 mutants developed leaf blades, sheaths, roots, flowers and seeds with nearly normal morphology (Fig. 1A–G). However, the longitudinal length of several vegetative and reproductive organs and overall plant architecture was smaller than that of the WT, whereas the width of leaf blades, roots, seeds and culms was greater than that of the WT (Fig. 1A–G). Microscopic observations revealed that cell size was decreased in smos1 mutants, whereas cell numbers were increased in the horizontal orientation, possibly leading to the increased width of culms, leaf blades and roots (Fig. 1B, H–J; Supplementary Fig. S1I–O).
  • Furthermore, cell arrangement was disordered, but tissue organization was normal in culms, leaf sheaths and roots of smos1 mutants (Fig. 1H, J, K). For example, the tissue arrangement (e.g. vascular bundles and sclerenchymatous tissue) was normal, but the arrangement of parenchyma cells was disturbed in smos1-1 culms (Fig. 1H; Supplementary Fig. S1I).
  • Additionally, parenchyma cells of smos1-1 culms were reduced in size but increased in number (Fig. 1H), and the latter phenotype causes an increase in culm thickness. Similar observations were made for leaf blades and roots (Fig. 1I, J).
  • In leaf blades, smaller cells were observed for smos1 buliform,epidermal, bundle sheath and sclerenchyma cells (Fig. 1I).
  • In WT roots, cortical cells were well organized and the number of cortical cell layers ranged from 15 to 20 in the elongation region by stereotypical cell division (Fig. 1J and insets).
  • In contrast, cortical cells in smos1-1 roots were occasionally disorganized and were smaller than WT cells (Fig. 1J and insets).
  • Furthermore, the number of cortical cell layers in smos1-1 ranged from 25 to 28, suggesting that cortical cells may fail to expand and extra periclinal divisions may occur.

Expression

  • SMOS1 expression was induced by exogenous auxin treatment, and the auxin response element (AuxRE) of the SMOS1 promoter acts as a cis-motif through interaction with auxin response factor (ARF).

Subcellular localization

  • a functional fluorophore-tagged SMOS1 was localized to the nucleus, supporting the role of SMOS1 as a transcriptional regulator for organ size control.

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Labs working on this gene

  • Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601 Japan
  • Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588 Japan
  • Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Gene Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8572 Japan

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Zhang K, Qian Q, Huang Z, Wang Y, Li M, Hong L, Zeng D, Gu M, Chu C, Cheng Z. GOLD HULL AND INTERNODE2 encodes a primarily multifunctional cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase in rice. Plant Physiol. 2006 Mar;140(3):972-83. Epub 2006 Jan 27. PubMed PMID: 16443696; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1400561.

Structured Information